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ASCII
(American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
This is a world
wide way for the code numbers used by computers to represent all
the upper and lower-case Latin Letters, numbers, punctuation.
There are 128 standard ASCII codes each of which can be
represented by a 7 digit binary number ; 0000000 all the way
through 1111111.
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Anonymous
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
You use this
process (File Transfer Protocol) for gathering or uploading
documents. The user logs onto a system with the User name of
"anonymous" but you do not need a password to access the
files on that particular server. Usually, it will prompt you for a
password which relates to your email address.
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Bps
(Bits Per Second)
This is a
measurement of how fast data is moved from point A to point B. A
36,000 modem can move 36,000 bits per second.
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Bandwidth
This is what we
all cry about. How much data you can send through a connection.
This is usually measured in bits-per-second. If you type a full
page of English text it is approximately 16,000 bits. A fast modem
with a clean connection can move about 15,000 bits in one second.
If you were to push a full motion video screen it would require
approximately 10,000,000 bits-per-second.
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Baud
The baud rate
of a modem is how many bits it can send or receive per second.
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Bit
(Binary DigIT)
A single digit
number in base-2. It must be either a zero or a 1. This is the
smallest unit of computerized data.
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Browser
A software
package that allows users to view and navigate around the
Internet's World Wide Web. While there are many varieties and
flavors of Web browsers available, Netscape Navigator and
Microsoft Internet Explorer are the 2 most popular graphical
browsers.
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CGI(Common
Gateway Interface)
These are the
rules that describe how a Web Server communicates with another
piece of software on the same machine, and how the other piece of
software (the CGI program) talks to the web server. Usually a CGI
program is a small program that takes data from a web server and
does something with it, like putting the
content of a form into an email
message, creating a guest book or as sophisticated as a database
query.
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cgi-bin
The name of a
directory on a web server where CGI programs are stored.
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Client
Any type of
software you use to connect and obtain information from another
machine. These packages would include your Browser and your FTP
Client to name a few.
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Cookie
Do you even
know Cookie exists on your machine? It is a mechanism where
operations such as CGI scripts can store and retrieve information
on the client side of the connection. The information submitted by
a web browser to a web server via a guestbook, form or any other
interactive method can be stored on the browser machine and
resubmitted when the web server URL is accessed again. Good
examples would be login or registration information, online
shopping or user surveys. Since the information is stored on your
computer, it personalizes the WWW experience by recognizing you
when you return to a web site.
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Domain
Name
This is the
unique name given to an Internet Site. It identifies you from all
the other sites in the world and must be registered through
InterNic. Domain names always have 2 or more parts, separated by
dots. The part on the left is the most specific and the part on
the right is the most general. EX: ROTD - specific .COM -
commercial.
While a machine
may have more than one domain name (rotd.net - rotd.com) but a
given Domain Name only points to one machine. It's always nice to
keep your Domain name short and memorable though Domain names can
have up to 26 letters and may also use the special character - .
The - does count as one of the 26 characters.
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FTP
(File Transfer Protocol)
The most common
method of moving files between two Internet sites. FTP allows you
to log onto a server in a special way giving you the ability to
send or receive files that are stored on that server
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Finger
This is a tool
used for locating people on other Internet sites. It can also
display a message or give you non-personal information. The most
common use of it is to see if a particular person has an account
on a particular system. LVDI does not allow the fingering of it's
system. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
This is a
coding language used to create homepages. It defines the various
components that you see such as lists, tables, paragraphs, bold,
flashing etc. HTML is the common language that web browsers use to
display the information on a users screen. You can see the HTML
programming at a particular page by using the VIEW SOURCE in your
Web Browser.
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Homepage
A homepage is
the opening to a Web Site. This is the first page that a user
views when they enter a web site. It is usually called index.html
.
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Host
This can be any
computer on a network that is a repository for services available
to other computers on the network. When you pop for your mail,
ROTD is the host. If you let someone FTP into your machine to pick
up a file directly, you are the host. HypertextWord or words in a
web page displayed on the computer screen with some form of
highlighting or underlining, which represent hidden text
containing the URL or Link to another page of information within a
document.
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IP
Numbers (Internet Protocal Numbers)
This is a
unique group of numbers consisting of 4 parts separated by dots.
EX: 208.129.21.2 Every machine on the Internet has a separate and
unique IP number. Most machines also have one or more Domain Names
that are easier for people to remember.
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ISDN
(Integrated Services Digital Network)
A way to move
more data over existing regular phone lines. It can provide speeds
of roughly 128,000 bits-per-second over regular phone lines.
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ISP
(Internet Service Provider)
An ISP connects
your computer and modem to the Internet through a high speed
switch.
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InterNic
The main office
that handles information for a network. This is where new domains
are registered. You can browse their site via WWW at
rs.internic.net or by Telnet, by telneting to internic.net port
23.
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Java
Java is a new
programming language by Sun Microsystems that is specifically
designed for writing programs that can be safely downloaded to
your computer through the Internet and immediately run without
fear of viruses or other harm to your computer or files. Using
small Java programs (applets), Web pages can include functions
such as animation, calculators, and many other eye-catching
tricks.
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LAN
(Local Area Network)
A computer
network limited to an immediate area, usually within the same
building.
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Listserver
This is the
most commonly found mail list. It's usually an automated system
that allows people to send e-mail to one address, where their
message is copied and sent to all of the other subscri bers of
that mail list. This way, people who have many different kinds of
e-mail can participate in discussions together. You can have
moderated mail lists, where a single owner of a mail list has to
"validate" each persons request to be added to that
list.
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PPP
(Point to Point Protocol)
This is a
standardized method for connecting your computer or network of
computers to the Internet with a telephone line and modem to make
a TCP/IP connection.
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Packet
Switching
This is the
method used to move data around the Internet. In packet switching,
all the data coming out of a machine is broken up into chunks,
each chunk has the address of where it came from and where it is
being sent. This enables chunks of data from many different
sources to mingle on the same line, and be sorted and
directed to different routes by
special machines.
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Password
This is a
special code used to gain access to a private or locked system.
Please do not use dictionary words or simple combinations of
letters and words. The privacy of a system can depend on your
choice of passwords.
Simple password
- vegas8
Good password - r00ki3
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Personal
Web Page
This is where
you can put up your own World Wide Web site - and open your doors
to visitors from around the world. Your site should be designed
around your interests, hobbies or family. Your Web page is
maintained by you, so
changes can be made at your leisure. A personal website is an
expression of of yourself. A revolving door that allows visitors
from around the world to visit your personal work 24 hours a day 7
days a week. It can be filled with sounds, colors or graphics to
suit your taste. Personal pages found to have commercial content
will be billed as commercial accounts.
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Spam
Spam, defined
as commercial messages posted to non-commercial news groups, off
topic posts to a newsgroup, or large scale redundant posts, are
not permitted on the service. We will do our best to screen out
these types of messages arriving from feed sources, from our own
servers and from outbound feeds. Users posting
spam messages will be cautioned the first time, then subscription
terminated or placed on permanent post restriction, on the second
occurrence. Binary posts originating from commercial services
that; are not graphic ads, are routinely updated and are on topic
for the group, will not be canceled. These services are welcome to
place their URL's in the subject line of posts. Messages that are
on topic will not be canceled for content and we will not mediate
disputes arising within a newsgroup. The crucial element of usenet
news is freedom of speech within this public forum and we will not
do anything that diminishes that right.
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Server
A computer that
provides services to client software running on other computers.
Some examples are, Web Server, Mail Server, FTP Server and News
Server.
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T-1
This is a
leased-line connection capable of carrying data at 1,544,000
bits-per-second. At maximum capacity, a T-1 line could move a
megabyte in less than 10 seconds. T-1 is the fastest speed
commonly used to connect networks to the Internet.
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T-3
A leased-line
connection capable of carrying data at 44,736,000
bits-per-second. This is more than enough bandwidth to do
full-screen, full-motion video.
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TCP/IP
(Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) This is a group of protocols
that define the Internet. Originally designed for UNIX, it is now
available for almost every major computer operating system.
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Telnet
This command or
program allows you to login from one Internet site to another.
This allows you to access the host computer and issue commands.
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URL
(Universal Resource Locator)
A URL is an
address that directs your web browser to the location of any page
on the WWW. A URL can do many different things, such as the
regular www.anywhere.com or ftp://somewhere.net or telnet://somewhere.com,
from your Web Browser.
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Unlimited
ATTENDED Access
While you are
transferring packets or are personally active on the line, you may
use it an unlimited amount of time. It is common courtesy to your
fellow subscribers and your System Administrators to not sit idle
on a line. This also extends to leaving your connection hooked up
doing nothing but popping for mail while unattended. That is why
dedicated lines are available.
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Usenet
World wide
system of discussion groups passed onto hundreds of thousands of
machines. Not all USENET machines are on the Internet, maybe half.
USENET is completely decentralized, with thousands different
areas, called newgroups.
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WAN
(Wide Area Network)
Any network or
internet that covers an area larger than a single building or
area.
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Webmaster
or
"Webmistress"
The person
responsible for the management and maintenance of a World Wide Web
site.
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Web
Site
An Internet Web
Site is very much like having an office that is open 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week. It can be filled with sounds, colors or
graphics to suit your taste.
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